Electrical system of distribution.



W. A. TURBAYNE.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION rum) 1 1113.23, 1910.

1,033,357. Patented July 23,1912.

UNITED STATES PATENT 0mm.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE, OF LANCASTER, YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOUIiD STORAGEBATTERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

Application filed February 23, 1910. SeriaI'No. 545,2?5. A

To all whom it may conoem Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. TUR- BAYNE, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Lancaster, in the countyof Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electrical Svstems of Distribution, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical systems of distribution and moreespecially to such systems wherein there is provided a compensatorystorage battery with automatic means for regulating the charge anddischarge of the storage battery to suit the needs of the system.

One object of my invention is to provide such a system with regulatingapparatus which will efliciently regulate more accurately to the desiredvalues and in which a minimum amount of apparatus is required.

further object of my invention is to utilize the. variations of batteryvoltage on charge and discharge to cut down the duty imposed upon theregulating apparatus and therefore cut down its size.

Further objects, features and advantages will more clearly appear fromthe detailed description given below taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification andillustrates a preferred embodiment o f'my invention.

Referring to the drawing, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a systemprovided with one form of my improved regulating arrangement. Fig. 2 isa diagram illustrating the necessary variations in voltage of certainregulating machines hithertofore used. Fig. 3 is a similar diagram butillus lrating the variations in voltage utilized in connection with oneof the regulating ma chines of my improvements.

Referring to Fig. 1, 1 represents a main generator feeding the circuit2, 2. Connected across the circuit 2, 2 is a storage battery 3 and inseries therewith a regulating dynamo or booster 5. I For exciting thefield 6 of the booster 5 I provide an exciter dynamo orcounter-electromotive force machine 7 connected in series with the field6 and across the battery at the points 8 and 9. Under certainconditions, in Which the voltage across the circuit 2, 2 issubstantially 220 volts, I prefer that th'e'numbe'r of cellsSpecification of LettersPatent.

PatencetrJmwa 1912v &

The field 10 of the excit'r 7 is' als connected across the battery atthe points 8- rid 9 and in series with this field I.-provide1 acondenser 11, a resistance 12 and a"cpntrolling circuit 13. Thecondenser 11,;resrstance 12 and circuit 13 are, however, in parallelwith one another. In series in the cq'ntrolling circuit 13 is avibrating armaturid 14 ar ranged to open and close the circuitl3 at thebetween the points 8.and be 28.

contact 15. 16 illustrates an electromagnetic coil for controlling thevibrations of. the or mature 14. A spring 17 acts in opposition to thecoil 16 and a stop 18 is provided to limit the movement of the armalture14. The coil 16 is connected across a shiint 19 in series in the circuit2, so that variations of load current in this circuit will be measuredby the strength of the coil 16. v

In certain prior systems it has been suggested that the booster forregulating the action of thebattery be excited by means of acounter-machine, the armature of which is connected in series with thebooster field and directly across the mains 2, 2. \Vith such anarrangement the operation of the system described would be as follows.Vith a normal average load upon the system the strength of coil 16 wouldbe such that it would produce vibrations of the armature l4, slightlyincreasing and decreasing the field strength of the exciter 7 so thatthe booster voltage would operate to keep the battery in a substantiallyfloating condition. If, however, an excess load should fall upon thecircuit the strength of coil 16 would increase responsive thereto,thereby increasing the length of time during which the circuit 13 isclosed, so that the exciter field strength is materially increased,thereby increasing the booster field strength and causing the battery todischarge so that substantially all of the excess load is taken by thebattery 3. In a similar manner if a decrease of load occurson the systemthe coil 16 becomes weaker so that the vibrations of the armature 14operate to maintain the circuit 13 open more of the time, thusdecreasing the exciter field strength and consequently the booster fieldstrength and allowing the battery to charge the circuit 2 in order toequalize the load upon the system. The condenser 11 is included in orderthat the. sparking may tie-reduced to-a minimum.

lOO

If we assume, that the maximum booster excitation for maximum boostereffect in either direction requires 20 volts and that tle voltage of thecircuit 2, 2 is 220 volts the. the counter-machine 7 must develop 240volts to give the booster its maximum effect on discharge. Assuming a 10ampere booster field current this necessitates that the exciter developan output of 2400 watts. These variations in voltage are illustrated inFig. 2, in which the line voltage is shown at 220 volts by thehorizontal line, while the counter-machine voltage is represented by theslanting line. It is there shown when the booster voltage is at amaximum in the discharging direction that the counter-machine mustproduce 240 volts, while when the battery with the maximum boostereffect is charging the counter'machine develops 200 volts.

In order to cut down the size of the exciter 7 I connect the samedirectly across the be approximately 50 volts.

battery at the points 8 and 9, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The opposingvoltage to the machine 7 is then that of a portion of the cells of thebattery, which in the specific instance shown in the figures, is 28cells.

Under these conditions the opposing electromotive force of the batteryvaries from 'the vibrating armature holds the counter to 50 volts,depending upon whether the battery is charging or discharging. Thus whenthe battery is charging the maximum voltage of the 28 cells is 70 and inorder to produce the 20 volts excitation for the booster it is onlynecessary for the countermachine to produce 50 volts. In a similarmanner when the battery is discharging at its maximum the voltage of the28 cells will Therefore, in order to produce the 20 volts excitation forthe booster field to cause this maximum discharge it is only necessaryfor the counter machine 7 to produce 70 volts in order to get therequired 20 volts for the excitation of the counter-machine. Therefore,with the 10 ampere current for the exciter 7, before assumed, and withthe maximum voltage of the counter-machine 7 at 70 volts the exciter ofthe counter-machine need only be 700 Watts. These voltages are clearlyshown in Fig. 3. It will, therefore, be apparent that by utilizing thevariatirn. of the battery on charge and dischargthat .I very materiallycut down the, capacity and size of the counter-machine 7, which at thesame time -reduces the duty imposed upon the other regulating apparatustherefor. In alternating current systems the electromagnet may beinfluenced by the alternating line current in a well known manner.

providing a regulating apparatus of the character described aconsiderable r educon the field windings of the various machines inorder that the required ampereturns might be obtained at a sutlicientlylow voltage drop across the shunt.- 19, without causing an excessiveamount of energy to be expended in the shunt. Furthermore, if the fieldof the counter machine or other regulating machine were directly excitedfrom the main shunt as is customary in certain prior systems, thearrangement of the counter machine or its field or both-connected acrossthe battery, is subject to serious disadvantages. For instance, in somesuch prior systems it is usual to obtain full booster excitation with avariation of about five per cent. above or below the normal linevoltage. The battery on the other hand will, upon charge and discharge,vary about twenty per cent. above and below the normal voltagerespectively, and with the counter machine connected across the batteryan accumulative action will be obtained which would require much greaterchanges in generator current to bring the booster back to a neutralcondition than would be the case if the counter machine was simplyconnected across the line. By the inclusion of the vibratory regulator,however, advantage may be taken of this battery regulation, as

machine voltage between two extreme conditions, either of which willpermit a variation in the voltage of the counter machine above or belownormal, much greater than that obtained across the battery or thatportion of the battery across which the machine is connected.

Although l have described my improvements in great detail nevertheless Ido not desire to be limited to such details,exccpt as clearly specifiedhereinafter in the claims, since many changes and modifications may bemade within the spirit and scope of my invention.

\Vhat I claim as new-and desire to secure 0 by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is:

1. In a system of distribution, a generator, a circuit supplied"thereby,a storage battery and booster connected across the circuit, aneleetromagnet connected to be responsive to current variations of thecircuit between the generator and battery, an exciting dynamo connectedin series with the booster field and opposed to part of the cells of thebattery, a field coil for the exciting dynamo connected across part ofthe cells of the battery, a resistance in series with said field coil, ashunt circuit around said resistance and a vibrating armature for;opening and closing said shunt circuit, the vibrations of said armaturebeing cont-rolled by said electromagnet.

2. In a system of distribution, a. source of dectrical energy, a circuitsupplied thereby,

a compensatory storage battery operatively to thebattery so as charge ofthe battery from and to the circuit, an exciter for said machineconnected to be opposed by the varying voltage thereof, an excitingfield circuit for the exciter, a vibrating armature arranged to cont-r01the current in said field circuit, and a coil arranged to control thevibrations of said armature responsive to variations in the load on saidfirst mentioned circuit.

3. In a system of distribution, a source of electrical energy, a circuitsupplied thereby, a compensatory storage apparatus operatively relatedto' said circuit, a dynamo-electric machine arranged to regulate thedischarge and charge of the storage apparatus to and from said circuit,and means afi'ected by variations in voltage of the storage apparatusfor regulating the field strength of said dynamo, said means including acontrolling circuit, a vibrating armature for opening and closing saidcircuit, and a coil for controlling the vibrations of said armatureresponsive to load variations in said first mentioned circuit.

4. In a system of distribution, a source of electrical energ a circuitsupplied thereby, a battery and booster connected in series across saidcircuit, an exciter for the booster field and opposed by cells of thebattery so that the exciter action will be afl'ected thereby, acontrollin circuit 0 eratively related to the exciter eld, a vibratingarmature in said controlling circuit and a coil controlling thevibrations of said armature responsive to variations in the load on saidfirst mentioned circuit.

5. In a system of distribution, a source of electrical energy, a circuitfed thereby, a compensatory storage battery operatively related to thecircuit, a booster for regulating the discharge and charge of thebattery to and from said circuit, an exciter for the booster, and meansafiected b variations in battery voltage for controllmgt-he output ofthe errciter, said meansincluding a controlling circuit, a vibratinarmature in said circuit and a coil controlling the vibrations of saidarmature responsive to load variations on said source.

6. In a system of distribution, a source of electrical energy, a circuitsupplied thereby, a battery and booster connected in series across saidcircuit, an exciter for the booster field and opposed by cells of thebattery so that the exciter action will be affected thereby, aresistance and controlling circuit operatively related to the exciterfield, a vibrating armature in said controlling circuit and a coilcontrolling the vibrations of saidarmature responsive to variations inthe load on said first mentioned circuit.

7 In a system of distribution, a source of electrical energy, a circuitfed thereby, a

compensatory storage battery" in operative relation thereto, a boosterfor regulating the charge and discharge of the battery, an

exciter for the booster opposed to part of the cells of the batter andmeans for regulating the exciter fie d strength responsive to variationsin load on said circuit, said means including a vibratory armature inseries with the exciter field and a controlling coil therefor in seriesin said circuit.

8. In a system of distribution, a generator, a circuit supplied thereby,a storage battery and booster connected across thecircuit, anelectromagnet connected to the circuit between the generator and batteryto be responsive to current variations of the generator, an excitingdynamo connected in series with the booster field and opposed to part ofthe cells of the battery, a field coil for the excitin dynamo connectedacross part of the cel s of the battery, a re sist-ance and condenser inseries with said field coil, a shunt circuit around said re sistance anda vibrating armature for opening and closing said shunt circuit, saidelectromagnetattracting and releasing said armature to regulate thevibrations thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe, presence of two subscribin witnesses.

WILL AM A. TURBAYNE. Witnesses:

JAMES MCGRATH,

LE ROYDIE' CORN.

Copiee of this Commissioner, Patentr,

Washington, D. 0."

